Comparative study on lignocellulose liquefaction in water, ethanol, and water/ethanol mixture: Roles of ethanol and water was written by Feng, Shanghuan;Wei, Rufei;Leitch, Mathew;Xu, Chunbao Charles. And the article was included in Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2018.Recommanded Product: 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:
This study aimed to investigate the roles of ethanol and water in the water/ethanol mixed solvent in liquefaction of lignocellulose biomass. To this end, an organosolv lignin, cellulose, cellulose/lignin (50:50, weight/weight) mixture and an acetone extracted white birch bark (EWBB) were comparatively liquefied in pure water, water/ethanol mixture (50:50, volume/volume) and pure ethanol at fixed condition (300 °C and 15 min). It was demonstrated that biomass liquefaction efficiency in three reaction media with respect to the bi-crude yield followed the order of water/ethanol mixed solvent >> pure water > pure ethanol regardless of the feedstocks. Cellulose derived bio-crudes mainly contained esters, furfurals and furfurals derivatives, and carboxylic acid substantially existed in the bio-crude from cellulose liquefaction in water, while lignin derived bio-crude mainly contained aromatics, as expected. It was found that hot-compress water accelerated biomass depolymerization by hydrolyzing cellulose/hemi-cellulose, while on the other hand ethanol promoted lignin degradation by dissolving the de-polymerized lignin products and hence prevented the repolymn. of the reaction intermediates. In addition, the mixed ethanol-water solvent increased the permeation of the solvent into the lignocellulose biomass structure, and increased the solubility of liquefaction intermediates, hence contributing to a higher bio-crude yield in liquefaction of lignocellulose biomass. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Recommanded Product: 109-17-1).
((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: 109-17-1
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts