Month: November 2022

On May 15, 2022, Yan, Jun; Chen, Qi; Tian, Lei; Li, Kang; Lai, Wenqing; Bian, Liping; Han, Jie; Jia, Rui; Liu, Xiaohua; Xi, Zhuge published an article.Safety of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was Intestinal toxicity of micro- and nano-particles of foodborne titanium dioxide in juvenile mice: Disorders of gut microbiota-host co-metabolites and intestinal barrier damage. And the article contained the following:

The wide use of TiO2 particles in food and the high exposure risk to children have prompted research into the health risks of TiO2. We used the microbiome and targeted metabolomics to explore the potential mechanism of intestinal toxicity of foodborne TiO2 micro-/nanoparticles after oral exposure for 28 days in juvenile mice. Results showed that the gut microbiota-including the abundance of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella-changed dynamically during exposure. The organic inflammatory response was activated, and lipopolysaccharide levels increased. Intestinal toxicity manifested as increased mucosal permeability, impaired intestinal barrier, immune damage, and pathol. changes. The expression of antimicrobial peptides, occludin, and ZO-1 significantly reduced, while that of JNK2 and Src/pSrc increased. Compared with micro-TiO2 particles, the nano-TiO2 particles had strong toxicity. Fecal microbiota transplant confirmed the key role of gut microbiota in intestinal toxicity. The levels of gut microbiota-host co-metabolites, including pyroglutamic acid, L-glutamic acid, phenylacetic acid, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, changed significantly. Significant changes were observed in the glutathione and propanoate metabolic pathways. There was a significant correlation between the changes in gut microbiota, metabolites, and intestinal cytokine levels. These, together with the intestinal barrier damage signaling pathway, constitute the network mechanism of the intestinal toxicity of TiO2 particles. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Safety of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to gut microbiota disorder intestinal barrier damage toxicity microparticle nanoparticle, titanium dioxide pyroglutamic phenylacetic acid juvenile, biomarker, correlation, fecal transplant, gut microbiome, tio(2) microparticle, tio(2) nanoparticle and other aspects.Safety of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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On September 30, 2013, Friis, Ulrik F.; Menne, Torkil; Flyvholm, Mari-Ann; Bonde, Jens Peter E.; Johansen, Jeanne D. published an article.Related Products of 4719-04-4 The title of the article was Occupational allergic contact dermatitis diagnosed by a systematic stepwise exposure assessment of allergens in the work environment. And the article contained the following:

Background. Information on the presence of contact allergens and irritants is crucial for the diagnosis of occupational contact dermatitis. Ingredient lists and Material Safety Datasheets (MSDSs) may be incomplete. Objectives. To evaluate the workability of a systematic exposure assessment in consecutive patients with suspected occupational contact dermatitis, and to study how it could potentially aid correct diagnostic classification. Methods. A tool for systematic stepwise assessment of exposures in the work environment was developed, consisting of six steps spanning medical history and workplace visits. The program included 228 consecutive patients diagnosed with occupational contact dermatitis: all patients underwent a clin. examination, the stepwise exposure assessment, and extensive patch and prick testing. Results. Of the participants. 48.2% were classified as having occupational allergic contact dermatitis. The diagnosis was made at the stepwise exposure assessment for 50.0% of patients at Step 1 (medical history) and for 34.5% at Step 2 (ingredient labeling/MSDS). We found 132 different occupational allergens of relevance to the patients’ eczema of these, 78.0% were allergens not included in the European baseline series. Conclusions. Systematic stepwise exposure assessment provides information that results in the identification of occupational allergies caused by allergens not included in the European baseline series in a substantial number of patients. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′,2”-(1,3,5-Triazinane-1,3,5-triyl)triethanol(cas: 4719-04-4).Related Products of 4719-04-4

The Article related to allergic contact dermatitis allergen occupational allergy, allergens, exposure analysis, occupational, occupational allergic contact dermatitis, occupational contact allergy, systematic exposure assessment, systematic stepwise exposure assessment and other aspects.Related Products of 4719-04-4

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On April 2, 2009, Ghosh, Arun K.; Liu, Chunfeng; Devasamudram, Thippeswamy; Lei, Hui; Swanson, Lisa M.; Ankala, Sudha V.; Lilly, John C.; Bilcer, Geoffrey M. published a patent.Formula: C7H6F3NO The title of the patent was Preparation of (3-hydroxy-4-amino-butan-2-yl)-3-[2-(thiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]benzamide derivatives and related compounds as selective beta-secretase inhibitors. And the patent contained the following:

The title compounds [I; A1 = each (un)substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; A2 = each cycloalkylene, heterocycloalkylene, arylene, or heteroarylene; X = CH2, O, (un)substituted NH, or S(O)w; or where X is CH or N, and is the attachment point for R6 or R7; L1, L5 = a bond, (un)substituted NH, S(O)q, (un)substituted alkylene; L4 = a bond, C(O), (un)substituted NH, S(O)q, (un)substituted alkylene; R2, R3 = S(O)2R11, C(O)R12, each (un)substituted NH2, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaralkyl; R4, R5 = H, halogen, NO2, each (un)substituted OH, NH2, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaralkyl, S(O)nR11, C(O)R12; R6, R7 = H, halogen, NO2, each (un)substituted OH, NH2, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaralkyl, S(O)nR11, C(O)R12; R11 = H, each (un)substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaralkyl; R12 = H, each (un)substituted NH2, OH, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaralkyl; m = 0-2] or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof were prepared The present invention provides novel β-secretase inhibitors which are capable of selectively reducing memapsin 2 catalytic activity relative to memapsin 1 catalytic activity or cathepsin D by greater than ∼5 or ∼10-fold. It also provides methods for their use, including methods of treating of Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, to 330 mg (R)-3-methyl-5-[2-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]benzoic acid in CH2Cl2 at room temperature, 269 mg 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and 162 mg HOBT were added, stirred at room temperature for 20 min, cooled to 0°, treated with a solution of (2R,3S)-3-amino-4-phenyl-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzylamino]butan-2-ol and 2 mL diisopropylethylamine in CH2Cl2, and stirred at room temperature for 16 h to yield 60% N-[(2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-1-phenyl-4-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino]butan-2-yl]-3-methyl-5-[[(R)-2-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]carbonyl]benzamide (II). II showed Ki of 7.09, 1,079.9, and 825.73 nM, for inhibiting memapsin 2 (β-secretase), cathepsin D, memapsin 1 (β-secretase 2), resp., and showed IC50 of 23 nM against memapsin 2 (β-secretase). The experimental process involved the reaction of (6-(Trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl)methanol(cas: 386704-04-7).Formula: C7H6F3NO

The Article related to thiazolylpyrrolidinecarbonylbenzamide preparation selective secretase inhibitor, alzheimer disease treatment thiazolylpyrrolidinecarbonylbenzamide preparation, hydroxyaminobutanylthiazolylpyrrolidinecarbonylbenzamide preparation secretase inhibitor and other aspects.Formula: C7H6F3NO

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On October 1, 2018, Nesterova, Oksana V.; Nesterov, Dmytro S.; Jezierska, Julia; Pombeiro, Armando J. L.; Ozarowski, Andrew published an article.Synthetic Route of 2160-93-2 The title of the article was Copper(II) Complexes with Bulky N-Substituted Diethanolamines: High-Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Magnetic, and Catalytic Studies in Oxidative Cyclohexane Amidation. And the article contained the following:

The novel coordination compounds [Cu2(HtBuDea)2(OAc)2] (1) and [Cu2(HBuDea)2Cl2]·nH2O (2) have been prepared through the reaction of the resp. copper(II) salts with N-tert-butyldiethanolamine (H2tBuDea, for 1) or N-butyldiethanolamine (H2BuDea, for 2) in methanol solution Crystallog. anal. reveals that, in spite of the common binuclear {Cu2(μ-O)2} core, the supramol. structures of the complexes are drastically different. In 1 binuclear mols. are linked together by H-bonds into 1D chains, while in 2 the neighboring pairs of binuclear mols. are H-bonded, forming tetranuclear aggregates. Variable-temperature (1.8-300 K) magnetic susceptibility measurements of 1 and 2 show a dominant antiferromagnetic behavior. Both complexes were also studied by HF-EPR spectroscopy. While the interaction between Cu(II) centers in 1 can be described by a single coupling constant J = 130.1(3) cm-1 (using H = JS1S2), the crystallog. different {Cu2(μ-O)2} pairs in 2 are expected exchange from ferro- to antiferromagnetic behavior (with J ranging from -32 to 110 cm-1, according to DFT calculations). Complexes 1 and 2 act as catalysts in the amidation of cyclohexane with benzamide, employing tBuOOtBu as oxidant. The maximum achieved conversion of benzamide (20%, after 24 h reaction time) was observed in the 1/tBuOOtBu system. In the cases of tBuOO(O)CPh or tBuOOH oxidants, no significant amidation product was observed, while for tBuOO(O)CPh, the oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane occurred, giving cyclohexene, to afford the allylic ester (cyclohex-2-en-1-yl benzoate) as the main reaction product. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol(cas: 2160-93-2).Synthetic Route of 2160-93-2

The Article related to epr magnetic susceptibility copper n substituted diethanolamine complex, oxidative dehydrogenation cyclohexane amidation copper n substituted diethanolamine complex, crystal structure dinuclear copper n substituted diethanolamine complex preparation and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 2160-93-2

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On November 28, 1990, Young, Robert N.; Gauthier, Jacques Yves; Zamboni, Robert; Belley, Michel L. published a patent.Recommanded Product: Isochroman-3-ol The title of the patent was Preparation of diarylstyrylquinoline diacids as leukotriene antagonists. And the patent contained the following:

Title compounds I [R1 = 7-Cl, 7-MeO, 6-F3C, 7-F3C, 6-MeSO2, H, 6,7-Cl2; Y = CH:CH, CH2CH2, CH2O, CHMeCH2; A = HO2C(CH2)2S, Me2NCO(CH2)2S, 3-(HO2C)C6H4S, Me3CNHCO(CH2)2S, 4-carboxy-2-pyridyl, [(1-adamantylamino)carbonylethyl]thio, 1-tetrazol-5-ylmethylthio, etc.; B = 2-(HO2C)C6H4CH2CH2, 3-(HO2C)C6H4, 5-carboxy-2-thiophenyl, HO2CCH2CHMe(CH2)2, 6-carboxy-2-pyridyl, 2-(Me3CNHCO)C6H4S, 3-[(1-tetrazol-5-yl)methyl]phenyl, etc.] and their salts, useful as inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis, antiasthmatic, antiallergic, antiinflammatory, and cytoprotective agents (no data, assays described), are prepared I may also be used to treat erosive gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, prevention of SRA-release (no data). To a suspension of [(7-chloroquinolin-2-yl)methyl]triphenylphosphonium bromide in THF was added BuLi, the reaction mixture was stirred at -78° and Me 2-[3-[2-(methoxycarbonyl)ethylthio]-3-(3-formylphenyl)propyl]benzoate [preparation from 3-(BrCH2)C6H4CN given] added, the mixture warmed to room temperature to give I [R1 = 7-Cl; Y = CH:CH; A = HO2C(CH2)2S; B = 2-(HO2C)C6H4CH2CH2] (II) as the di-Me ester, which in THF and MeOH was saponified to give II.2Na salt. A capsule, injectable suspension and tablet formulations comprising I are given. Pharmaceutical composition of I may comprise an addnl. active ingredient such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, peripheral analgesic, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, etc. The experimental process involved the reaction of Isochroman-3-ol(cas: 42900-89-0).Recommanded Product: Isochroman-3-ol

The Article related to arylstyrylquinoline diacid preparation leukotriene antagonist, cytoprotection arylstyrylquinoline diacid, eye antiinflammatory arylstyrylquinoline diacid, antiasthmatic arylstyrylquinoline diacid, srsa inhibitor arylstyrylquinoline diacid preparation and other aspects.Recommanded Product: Isochroman-3-ol

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On March 15, 2010, Reddy, M. V. Ramana; Pallela, Venkat R.; Cosenza, Stephen C.; Mallireddigari, Muralidhar R.; Patti, Revathi; Bonagura, Marie; Truongcao, May; Akula, Balaiah; Jatiani, Shashidhar S.; Reddy, E. Premkumar published an article.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Design, synthesis and evaluation of (E)-α-benzylthio chalcones as novel inhibitors of BCR-ABL kinase. And the article contained the following:

(E)-α-benzylthio and α-benzylsulfonyl chalcones such as I, an (E)-α-benzylsulfinyl chalcone, and an (E)-arylthiochalcone are prepared as inhibitors of the BCR-ABL kinase for potential use as antitumor agents; some of the chalcones act as inhibitors of BCR-ABL phosphorylation in leukemic K562 cells, known to express high levels of BCR-ABL, and in some cases show comparable cancer cell inhibition to the antitumor agent imatinib. The chalcones are prepared in two or three steps from α-bromoacetophenones, aryl or benzyl thiols, and aryl aldehydes by substitution of the α-bromoacetophenones with thiols followed by stereoselective aldol condensation of the benzylthioacetophenones with aryl aldehydes (with oxidation occurring, if necessary, before aldol condensation). Data for the inhibition of human leukemia and prostate cancer cells by approx. 500 related chalcones is provided. The experimental process involved the reaction of (2-Fluorophenyl)methanethiol(cas: 72364-46-6).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to benzylthio benzylsulfinyl benzylsulfonyl chalcone stereoselective preparation kinase inhibitor, inhibition bcr abl kinase structure benzylthio benzylsulfinyl benzylsulfonyl chalcone, antitumor activity benzylthio benzylsulfinyl benzylsulfonyl chalcone and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

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On September 15, 2021, Stienbarger, Cheyenne D.; Joseph, Jincy; Athey, Samantha N.; Monteleone, Bonnie; Andrady, Anthony L.; Watanabe, Wade O.; Seaton, Pamela; Taylor, Alison R.; Brander, Susanne M. published an article.Product Details of 96-76-4 The title of the article was Direct ingestion, trophic transfer, and physiological effects of microplastics in the early life stages of Centropristis striata, a commercially and recreationally valuable fishery species. And the article contained the following:

Microplastics are ubiquitous in marine and estuarine ecosystems, and thus there is increasing concern regarding exposure and potential effects in com. species. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of microplastics on larval and early juvenile life stages of the Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata), a North American fishery. Larvae (13-14 days post hatch, dph) were exposed to 1.0 x 104, 1.0 x 105, and 1.0 x 106 particles L-1 of low-d. polyethylene (LDPE) microspheres (10-20μ) directly in seawater and via trophic transfer from microzooplankton prey (tintinnid ciliates, Favella spp.). We also compared the ingestion of virgin and chem.-treated microspheres incubated with either phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, or 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), a plastic additive. Larval fish did not discriminate between virgin or chem.-treated microspheres. However, larvae did ingest higher numbers of microspheres through ingestion of microzooplankton prey than directly from the seawater. Early juveniles (50-60 dph) were directly exposed to the virgin and chem.-treated LDPE microspheres, as well as virgin LDPE microfibers for 96 h to determine physiol. effects (i.e., oxygen consumption and immune response). There was a significant pos. relationship between oxygen consumption and increasing microfiber concentration, as well as a significant neg. relationship between immune response and increasing virgin microsphere concentration This first assessment of microplastic pollution effects in the early life stages of a com. finfish species demonstrates that trophic transfer from microzooplankton can be a significant route of microplastic exposure to larval stages of C. striata, and that multi-day exposure to some microplastics in early juveniles can result in physiol. stress. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol(cas: 96-76-4).Product Details of 96-76-4

The Article related to direct ingestion trophic transfer physiol effect microplastic, centropristis striata fishery species, black sea bass, commercial fishery, concentration-response, contaminated prey, immune response, microfibers, microspheres, north america, respiration and other aspects.Product Details of 96-76-4

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On March 31, 2013, Krol, Piotr; Lechowicz, Jaromir B.; Krol, Bozena published an article.COA of Formula: C8H19NO2 The title of the article was Modelling the surface free energy parameters of polyurethane coats-part 1. Solvent-based coats obtained from linear polyurethane elastomers. And the article contained the following:

Polyurethane elastomers coating were synthesized by using typical diisocyanates, polyether and polyester polyols and HO-tertiary amines or diols as a chain extenders. Mole fractions of structural fragments (κexp) responsible for the polar interactions within polyurethane chains were calculated by 1H NMR method. Obtained results were confronted with the analogous parameter values (κtheor) calculated on the basis of process stoichiometry, considering the stage of the production of isocyanate prepolymers and reaction of their extension for polyurethanes. Trials of linear correlation between the κexp parameters and surface free energy (SFE) values of studied coatings were presented. SFE values were determined by Owens-Wendt method, using contact angles measured with the goniometric method. Based on achieved results, another empirical models, allowing for prediction the influence of the kind of polyurethane raw materials on SFE values of received coatings were determined It is possible to regulate the SFE in the range millijoules per cubic metre by the selection of appropriate substrates. Use of 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,4-butanediol as a fluorinated extender of prepolymer chains is essential to obtain coatings with increased hydrophobicity, applied among others as biomaterials-next to diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyoxyethylene glycol. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol(cas: 2160-93-2).COA of Formula: C8H19NO2

The Article related to modeling surface free energy parameter linear polyurethane coating, additive model of the surface free energy, contact angles, nmr spectroscopy, owens–wendt method, prediction of the surface free energy parameter, synthesis of the polyurethane coatings and other aspects.COA of Formula: C8H19NO2

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Kraiss, G.; Povarny, M.; Nador, K. published an article in 1976, the title of the article was Reduction of dicarboxylic acid esters with diisobutylaluminum hydride.HPLC of Formula: 42900-89-0 And the article contains the following content:

In reduction of di-Et homophthalate (I), phthalate (II), cis-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, or glutarate with 1-4 equivalent of (Me2CHCH2)2AlH, selective lactol formation occurred only in the case of I and II; with 3 equivalent (Me2CHCH2)2AlH I gave 100% III and II gave 82% IV. The experimental process involved the reaction of Isochroman-3-ol(cas: 42900-89-0).HPLC of Formula: 42900-89-0

The Article related to ester dicarboxylate reduction, carboxylate di ester reduction, aromatic dicarboxylate ester reduction, cyclohexanedicarboxylate ester reduction, glutarate ester reduction, lactol, isochromanol, isobenzofuranol, cyclization reduction dicarboxylate ester and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 42900-89-0

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On December 31, 2013, Bolden, Sidney Jr.; Zhu, Xue Y.; Etukala, Jagan R.; Boateng, Comfort; Mazu, Tryphon; Flores-Rozas, Hernan; Jacob, Melissa R.; Khan, Shabana I.; Walker, Larry A.; Ablordeppey, Seth Y. published an article.SDS of cas: 72364-46-6 The title of the article was Structure-activity relationship (SAR) and preliminary mode of action studies of 3-substituted benzylthioquinolinium iodide as anti-opportunistic infection agents. And the article contained the following:

Opportunistic infections are devastating to immunocompromised patients. And in especially sub-Saharan Africa where the AIDS epidemic is still raging, the mortality rate was recently as high as 70%. The paucity of anti-opportunistic drugs, the decreasing efficacy and the development of resistance against the azoles and even amphotericin B have stimulated the search for new drugs with new mechanisms of action. In a previous work, we showed that a new chemotype derived from the natural product cryptolepine displayed selective toxicity against opportunistic pathogens with minimal cytotoxicity to normal cells. In this manuscript, we report the design and synthesis of substituted benzylthioquinolinium iodides, evaluated their anti-infective properties and formulated some initial structure-activity relationships around Ph ring A from the original natural product. The sensitivity of the most potent analog 10l, to selected strains of C. cerevisiae was also evaluated leading to the observation that this scaffold may have a different mode of action from its predecessor, cryptolepine. The experimental process involved the reaction of (2-Fluorophenyl)methanethiol(cas: 72364-46-6).SDS of cas: 72364-46-6

The Article related to benzylthioquinolinium analog preparation sar antiinfective antifungal antibacterial, anti-opportunistic infections, antifungal agents, benzylthioquinolinium iodides, craig plot, cryptolepine, structure–activity relationships, substituted quinolinium salts and other aspects.SDS of cas: 72364-46-6

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