Glycosides and Their Corresponding Small Molecules Inhibit Aggregation and Alleviate Cytotoxicity of Aβ40 was written by Hao, Sijia;Yang, Yayu;Han, Ailing;Chen, Jianan;Luo, Xiaoyu;Fang, Guozhen;Liu, Jifeng;Wang, Shuo. And the article was included in ACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Polyphenols are the class of naturally synthesized compounds in the secondary metabolism of plants, which are widely distributed in fruits and vegetables. Their potential health treatment strategies have attracted wide attention in the scientific community. The abnormal aggregation of Aβ to form mature fibrils is pathol. related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, inhibiting Aβ40 fibrillogenesis was considered to be the major method for the intervention and therapy of AD. Glycosides, as a cluster of natural phenolic compounds, are widely distributed in Chinese herbs, fruits, and vegetables. The inhibitory effect of glycosides (phloridzin, salidroside, polydatin, geniposide, and gastrodin) and their corresponding small mols. (phloretin, 4-hydroxyphenyl ethanol, resveratrol, genipin, and 4-hydroxybenzyl alc.) on Aβ40 aggregation and fibrils prolongation, disaggregation against mature fibrils, and the resulting cytotoxicity were studied by systematical biochem., cell biol. and mol. docking techniques, resp. As a result, all inhibitors were observed against Aβ40 aggregation and fibrils prolongation and disaggregated mature Aβ40 fibrils in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, the cell validity experiments also showed that all inhibitors could effectively alleviate the cytotoxicity induced by Aβ40 aggregates, and the glycoside groups played important roles in this inhibiting process. Finally, mol. docking was performed to study the interactions between these inhibitors and Aβ40. Docking showed that all inhibitors were bound to the similar region of Aβ40, and glycoside group formed hydrogen bonds with the pivotal residues Lys16. These results indicated that the glycoside groups could increase the inhibitory effects and reduce cytotoxicity. Glycosides have tremendous potential to be developed as an innovative type of aggregation inhibitor to control and treat neurodegenerative diseases. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts