Electrochemically and bioelectrochemically induced ammonium recovery was written by Gildemyn, Sylvia;Luther, Amanda K.;Andersen, Stephen J.;Desloover, Joachim;Rabaey, Korneel. And the article was included in Journal of Visualized Experiments in 2015.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Streams such as urine and manure can contain high levels of ammonium, which could be recovered for reuse in agriculture or chem. The extraction of ammonium from an ammonium-rich stream is demonstrated using an electrochem. and a bioelectrochem. system. Both systems are controlled by a potentiostat to either fix the current (for the electrochem. cell) or fix the potential of the working electrode (for the bioelectrochem. cell). In the bioelectrochem. cell, electroactive bacteria catalyze the anodic reaction, whereas in the electrochem. cell the potentiostat applies a higher voltage to produce a current. The current and consequent restoration of the charge balance across the cell allow the transport of cations, such as ammonium, across a cation exchange membrane from the anolyte to the catholyte. The high pH of the catholyte leads to formation of ammonia, which can be stripped from the medium and captured in an acid solution, thus enabling the recovery of a valuable nutrient. The flux of ammonium across the membrane is characterized at different anolyte ammonium concentrations and currents for both the abiotic and biotic reactor systems. Both systems are compared based on current and removal efficiencies for ammonium, as well as the energy input required to drive ammonium transfer across the cation exchange membrane. Finally, a comparative anal. considering key aspects such as reliability, electrode cost, and rate is made. This video article and protocol provide the necessary information to conduct electrochem. and bioelectrochem. ammonia recovery experiments The reactor setup for the two cases is explained, as well as the reactor operation. We elaborate on data anal. for both reactor types and on the advantages and disadvantages of bioelectrochem. and electrochem. systems. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Quality Control of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).
3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts