Month: October 2022

Luo, Hongwei;Zhao, Yaoyao;Li, Yu;Xiang, Yahui;He, Dongqin;Pan, Xiangliang published 《Aging of microplastics affects their surface properties, thermal decomposition, additives leaching and interactions in simulated fluids》. The research results were published in《Science of the Total Environment》 in 2020.Electric Literature of C16H34O The article conveys some information:

Most microplastics (MPs) have undergone extensive aging in the environment. Aged MPs exhibit different phys. and chem. properties from unaged ones. Here, we studied the effects of accelerated aging on the characteristics and pyrolysis of com. pigmented MPs, as well as pigments leaching and their interactions in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids of mammals. We report that the carbonyl index, surface area, and color change of MPs increased after aging treatment. Cracks and fragmentation of MPs facilitated the accessibility of light and oxygen to internal layer and therefore accelerated the aging process. TGA/GC-MS anal. showed that the high temperature resistance of MPs decreased after aging. Thermal decomposition of pigments and polyethylene occurred in temperature ranges of 340-406°C and 406-550°C, resp. Mono (di)-alkenes and saturated alkanes were the thermal decomposition products of polyethylene. Aging of MPs also caused an increased release of pigments and prolonged aging time led to more release in simulated fluids. Pigments would result in fluorescence quenching of the enzymes through binding interactions once they were released from MPs into simulated fluids. Charge neutralization and polymer bridging accounted for the formation of pigment-enzyme complexes and flocs. These novel findings will allow us to better assess how aging process affects the characteristics, leaching, and toxicity of MPs.2-Hexyl-1-decanol (cas: 2425-77-6) were involved in the experimental procedure.

2-Hexyl-1-decanol(cas: 2425-77-6) may be employed as an organic solvent to study the extraction of non-polar acidic drugs from human plasma by parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction (PALME). Electric Literature of C16H34O

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bihanic, Camille;Stanovych, Andrii;Pelissier, Franck;Grison, Claude published 《Putting Waste to Work: The Demonstrative Example of Pyrite Quarry Effluents Turned into Green Oxidative Catalysts》. The research results were published in《ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering》 in 2019.Quality Control of rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol The article conveys some information:

In the context of exponentially growing problems of pollution and waste, the design of ecofriendly processes for turning the current treatment of effluents into sustainable catalysts represents a great opportunity. Wastewater arising from pyrite quarrying is selected as a model example. The acidity of pyrite effluents leads to solubilization of useful cations: Mn^II and Fe^II/Fe^III. Their chem. properties are an opportunity to promote innovative studies of oxidation in organic synthesis. The controlled addition of NaOH and a co-oxidant (H₂O₂) onto the effluents allows generation of new, oxidative catalysts. MP-AES anal., XPS, XRPD, BET, TEM, HRTEM, and EDX studies were performed to characterize the new and efficient catalysts. Oxidation of alcs. into carbonyl compounds, oxidative cleavage of 1,2-diols, and epoxidation of alkenes are described. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol (cas: 579-43-1) .

Desymmetrization of rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol(cas:579-43-1 Quality Control of rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol) using chiral phosphine catalyst has been reported. Conversion of meso-hydrobenzoin to trans-stillbene oxide by treatment with an aryl sulfonyl chloride and aqueous sodium hydroxide has been reported.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reference of rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol《Binuclear Double-Stranded Helicates and Their Catalytic Applications in Desymmetrization of Mesodiols》 was published in 2019. The authors were Chinnaraja, Eswaran;Arunachalam, Rajendran;Suresh, Eringathodi;Sen, Shovan K.;Natarajan, Ramalingam;Subramanian, Palani S., and the article was included in《Inorganic Chemistry》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

The ligand L₁ of 4-methyl-2,6-diformylphenol and L₂ of 4-tert-butyl-2,6-diformylphenol were synthesized through Schiff base condensation with rac-, (R)-(+), or (S)-(-)-1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diamine (BNDA). As a result, the racemic L₁^rac, L₂^rac, and enantiopure L₁^RR, L₁^SS, L₂^RR, and L₂^SS ligands were obtained incorporating Cu(II) and Zn(II) salts by a simple one-pot metal template method. The series of dinuclear complexes of [M₂LX₂] (here, M = Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺; X = acetate ion, chloride ion; L = L₁^RR, L₁^SS, L₁^rac, L₂^RR, L₂^SS, L₂^rac) formulas were obtained in common. Among them, the single crystal x-ray structures for [Zn₂L₁^rac(OAc)₂] and [Zn₂L₁^SSCl₂] complexes were obtained. The detailed crystal structure and the chiroptical studies performed on these complexes dictates a self-sorting behavior in their self-assembly process and illustrate a chirality transfer from the ligand to the metal center on the complexes. The enantiopure dinuclear complexes [M₂L^RRX₂] and [M₂L^SSX₂] generate enantiopure ΛΛ and ΔΔ isomers, resp., but the racemic complexes produce only homochiral ΛΛ and ΔΔ assemblies. The detailed studies based on UFLC (Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatog.), CD, and single crystal x-ray structure together show the absence of heterochiral ΛΔ mesocate. All these complexes are adapted as catalysts for desymmetrization of various mesodiols, and the enantiopure complexes give efficient enantioselectivity in desymmetrization of mesodiols with benzoyl chloride to monobenzoylated ester providing 98% yield and 92% ee.rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol (cas: 579-43-1) were involved in the experimental procedure.

rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol(cas: 579-43-1 Reference of rel-(1R,2S)-1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-diol) has been used in the preparation of trans-methyl meso-hydrobenzoin phosphite.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Land, Michael A.;Bacic, Goran;Robertson, Katherine N.;Barry, Sean T. published 《Thermal Stability and Decomposition Pathways in Volatile Molybdenum(VI) Bis-imides》 in 2022. The article was appeared in 《Inorganic Chemistry》. They have made some progress in their research.Electric Literature of C8H18O2 The article mentions the following:

The vapor deposition of many Mo-containing films relies on the delivery of volatile compounds with the general bis(tert-butylimido)molybdenum(VI) framework, both in at. layer deposition and CVD. The authors prepared (^tBuN)₂MoCl₂ adducts using neutral N,N’-chelates and studied their volatility, thermal stability, and decomposition pathways. Volatility was determined by TGA, with the 1,4-di-tert-butyl-1,3-diazabutadiene adduct (5) found to be the most volatile (1 torr of vapor pressure at 135°). Thermal stability was measured primarily using DSC, and the 1,10-phenanthroline adduct (4) is the most stable with an onset of decomposition of 303°. The authors have also studied Mo compounds with other alkyl-substituted imido groups: these compounds all follow a similar decomposition pathway, γ-H activation, with varying reaction barriers. The tert-pentyl, 1-adamantyl, and a cyclic imido (from 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-diamine) were systematically studied to probe the kinetics of this pathway. All of these compounds were fully characterized, including via single-crystal x-ray diffraction, and a total of 19 new structures are reported.2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol (cas: 110-03-2) were involved in the experimental procedure.

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol(cas:110-03-2) is used as an intermediate in the preparation of 2.5-Dimethyl-2.5-bis(tertbutyl-peroxy)hexane. It is also used in the synthesis of six- and seven-membered heterocyclic boron compounds.Electric Literature of C8H18O2

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Application of 148-51-6In 1974, Morisawa, Yasuhiro;Kataoka, Mitsuru;Watanabe, Taiichiro;Kitano, Noritoshi;Matsuzawa, Toshiaki published 《Anticoccidial agents. 1. Synthesis and anticoccidial activity of 4-deoxypyridoxol and its esters》. 《Journal of Medicinal Chemistry》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

A series of 21 title compounds were prepared from 3,α4-O-diacetylpyridoxol-HCl [53580-90-8] by hydrogenolysis, followed by hydrolysis and ester formation. In 14 day white Leghorn chicks, moderate activity against Eimeria acervulina was observed for 4-deoxypyridoxol-HCl (I-HCl) [148-51-6], and its diacetate ester-HCl (II-HCl) [53580-95-3], dibutyrate ester-HCl (III-HCl) [53580-96-4], and dihexanoate ester-HCl (IV) [53580-97-5]. The relation of anticoccidial activity to structure and to antivitamin B6 activity was discussed. And 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride (cas: 148-51-6) was used in the research process.

5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas:148-51-6 Application of 148-51-6) is a vitamin B6 antimetabolite with diverse biological activities. It inhibits transport of pyridoxine , pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine in and reduces growth of S. carlsbergensis cells. DOP inhibits sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase and reduces cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis in alveolar epithelial MLE-12 cells.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xu, Qiuxiang;Fu, Qizi;Liu, Xuran;Wang, Dongbo;Wu, Yanxin;Li, Yifu;Yang, Jingnan;Yang, Qi;Wang, Yali;Li, Hailong;Ni, Bing-Jie published 《Mechanisms of potassium permanganate pretreatment improving anaerobic fermentation performance of waste activated sludge》. The research results were published in《Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》 in 2021.Reference of 2-Hexyl-1-decanol The article conveys some information:

Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄), one typical strong oxidant, is used extensively in various applications. However, its impact on anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge is unknown. This paper therefore aims to investigate its effect on generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and qualities of fermentation liquor and fermented solid sludge. Exptl. results showed that when KMnO₄ increased from 0 to 0.1 g/TSS, the highest SCFAs production enhanced from 33.9 to 251.8 mg COD/g VSS. The mechanism anal. revealed that KMnO₄ addition increased the disintegration of sludge cells and the degradation of substantial recalcitrant organics in sludge such as humus and lignocellulose, thereby provided more substances for SCFAs generation. UV absorption spectroscopy anal. showed that KMnO₄ addition destroyed unsaturated conjugated bonds and decreased organics aromaticity, thereby promoting humus and lignocellulose degradation In addition, the sludge mixture was separated into liquid and solid fraction after anaerobic fermentation, and the components in fermentation liquid and solid sludge were tested. It was found that the addition of KMnO₄ effectively reduced the categories and total detected frequency of refractory organic pollutants in fermentation liquid, which improved the quality of the produced SCFAs. KMnO₄ addition also increased the inactivation of fecal coliforms and degradation of emerging contaminants in fermented sludge, which were helpful to its final disposal. And 2-Hexyl-1-decanol (cas: 2425-77-6) was used in the research process.

2-Hexyl-1-decanol(cas: 2425-77-6) has been shown to inhibit the growth of b16 mouse melanoma cells, suggesting it may be useful for treating skin cancer.Reference of 2-Hexyl-1-decanol This fatty acid also has transport properties and can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Quality Control of 2,2-Methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol)《Experimental investigation on the oxidation of printing ink wastewater under hydrothermal flames》 was published in 2021. The authors were Zhang, Fengming;Li, Yufeng;Liang, Zhaojian;Wu, Tong;Huang, Yingfei, and the article was included in《Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

Printing ink wastewater has a strong color and contains high salinity and high concentrations of complex organic compounds, posting a severe threat to the ecol. environment and human health. In this work, supercritical water oxidation of printing ink wastewater is performed within a transpiring wall reactor (TWR) to avoid corrosion and salt plugging issues. The high concentration of organic matter in printing ink wastewater is used to form hydrothermal flames for enhanced degradation Flame temperatures, gaseous and aqueous products characteristics, as well as the anti-corrosion and salt plugging performance of the reactor, are obtained. A remarkable temperature fluctuation due to the multi-component systems indicates the instability of hydrothermal flame. The salt recovery rate of 94.56% and the integrity of the porous tube inner wall indicate that TWR has a good performance in terms of anti-corrosion and salt plugging. Under typical conditions, the removal rates for COD, total nitrogen, and color are 99.52%, 70.07%, and 97.89%, resp. Alkanes, nitrogenous compounds, benzodiazepines, and heterocyclic compounds in the aqueous products, and CO, H₂, NH₃, and CH₄ in the gaseous products are the main intermediate products of printing ink wastewater under hydrothermal flames. Ammonia nitrogen, as the main intermediate product, inhibits the complete oxidation of nitrogenous organic compounds Addnl., higher KNO₃ concentrations promote the complete oxidation of nitrogenous organic compounds, while higher NaOH concentrations can increase the pH value and slightly facilitate degradation In addition, higher feed flow rates prevent deposition and adhesion of additives that occur at high concentrations And 2,2-Methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol) (cas: 119-47-1) was used in the research process.

Quality Control of 2,2-Methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol)2,2′-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)(CAS: 119-47-1) is a natural product found in Streptomyces and Aspergillus fumigatus .

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Quality Control of 4-(2-Phenylpropan-2-yl)phenolIn 2022, Nakazawa, Tomomi;Yamaguchi, Yuko;Fukunaga, Yachiyo;Tamura, Kazutoshi published 《A possible critical dosing period of p-cumylphenol for development of cystic kidneys in rat neonates》. 《Journal of Toxicologic Pathology》published the findings. The article contains the following contents:

In accordance with a previous report on cystic kidneys induced in rat neonates when dosed with p-cumylphenol (PCP) for 18 days from postnatal day (PND) 4, 3 rat neonates were dosed with PCP once a day for 14 days, either from PND 14, 21, 28, 35, or 42 as W2, W3, W4, W5, and W6 groups, resp., to investigate whether dosing periods in different PNDs influenced the development of cystic renal tubules. The lesion was striking in the W2 group and at a lesser magnitude in the W3 group, whereas either kidney was unaffected when dosing was initiated beyond PND 28. These findings, together with the results from the previous study, suggested that PND 14-28 is a critical dosing period for PCP to develop cystic kidneys in rat neonates. The lining epithelium of the cystic tubules was immunohistochem. pos. for AQP2. This finding and the anatomical location indicated that the cystic tubules were of collecting duct origin. Either obstruction, fluid accumulation, or reparative hyperplasia of the lining epithelium was unlikely to be involved in the formation of cystic tubules lined with a monolayer of cuboidal or columnar epithelium with a high nuclear d. Thus, the follow-up investigation on PCP suggested a critical dosing period of PND 14-28 in rat neonates for the development of cystic dilation of renal collecting ducts. This study further supports that additive hyperplasia of the lining epithelium is a fundamental basis of this unique lesion. To complete the study, the researchers used 4-(2-Phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol (cas: 599-64-4) .

4-(2-Phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol(cas:599-64-4) is a natural product found in Panax ginseng.Quality Control of 4-(2-Phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol 4-(2-Phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol is a useful reagent for preparing and characterizing aromatic polyphosphonates as high refractive index polymers.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zanella, Delphine;Henket, Monique;Schleich, Florence;Dejong, Thibaut;Louis, Renaud;Focant, Jean-Francois;Stefanuto, Pierre-Hugues published 《Comparison of the effect of chemically and biologically induced inflammation on the volatile metabolite production of lung epithelial cells by GCxGC-TOFMS》 in 2020. The article was appeared in 《Analyst (Cambridge, United Kingdom)》. They have made some progress in their research.Quality Control of 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol The article mentions the following:

Exhaled breath anal. has a high potential for early non-invasive diagnosis of lung inflammatory diseases, such as asthma. The characterization and understanding of the inflammatory metabolic pathways involved into volatile organic compounds (VOCs) production could bring exhaled breath anal. into clin. practice and thus open new therapeutic routes for inflammatory diseases. Lung inflammation was simulated in vitro using A549 epithelial cells. The authors compared the VOC production from A549 epithelial cells after a chem. induced oxidative stress in vitro, exposing the cells to H₂O₂, and a biol. stress, exposing the cells to an inflammatory pool of sputum supernatants. Special attention was devoted to define proper neg. and pos. controls (8 different types) for the authors’ in vitro models, including healthy sputum coculture. Sputum from 25 asthmatic and 8 healthy patients were collected to create each pool of supernatants. Each sample type was analyzed in 4 replicates using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog. hyphenated to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). This approach offers high resolving power for complex VOC mixtures According to the type of inflammation induced, significantly different VOCs were produced by the epithelial cells compared to all controls. For both chem. and biol. challenges, an increase of carbonyl compounds (54%) and hydrocarbons (31%) was observed Only the biol. inflammation model showed a significant cell proliferation together with an increased VOC production linked to asthma airway inflammation. This study presents a complete GCxGC-TOFMS workflow for in vitro VOC anal., and its potential to characterize complex lung inflammatory mechanisms. The experimental procedure involved many compounds, such as 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol (cas: 110-03-2) .

2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol(cas:110-03-2) was used in the synthesis of six- and seven-membered heterocyclic boron compounds containing intramolecular N-B bond.Quality Control of 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Formula: C11H16O《Prediction of aquatic toxicity of benzene derivatives using molecular descriptor from atomic weighted vectors》 was published in 2017. The authors were Martinez-Lopez, Yoan;Barigye, Stephen J.;Martinez-Santiago, Oscar;Marrero-Ponce, Yovani;Green, James;Castillo-Garit, Juan A., and the article was included in《Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology》. The author mentioned the following in the article:

Several descriptors from atom weighted vectors are used in the prediction of aquatic toxicity of set of organic compounds of 392 benzene derivatives to the protozoo ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis (log(IGC50)^-1). These descriptors are calculated using the MD-LOVIs software and various Aggregation Operators are examined with the aim comparing their performances in predicting aquatic toxicity. Variability anal. is used to quantify the information content of these mol. descriptors by an information theory-based algorithm. Multiple Linear Regression with Genetic Algorithms is used to obtain models of the structure-toxicity relationships; the best model shows values of Q² = 0.830 and R² = 0.837 using six variables. The authors’ models compare favorably with other previously published models that use the same data set. The obtained results suggest that these descriptors provide an effective alternative for determining aquatic toxicity of benzene derivatives To complete the study, the researchers used 4-tert-Amylphenol (cas: 80-46-6) .

4-tert-acylphenol (cas:80-46-6) contains hydroxyl group. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Formula: C11H16O

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts