With respect to acute toxicity, simple alcohols have low acute toxicities. Doses of several milliliters are tolerated. 24034-73-9, formula is C20H34O, For pentanols, hexanols, octanols and longer alcohols, LD50 range from 2–5 g/kg (rats, oral). Ethanol is less acutely toxic.All alcohols are mild skin irritants. Formula: C20H34O
Stepanova, Rafaella;Inagi, Hayato;Sugawara, Kei;Asada, Kazuya;Nishi, Tomoyuki;Ueda, Daijiro;Yasuno, Yoko;Shinada, Tetsuro;Miki, Kunio;Fujihashi, Masahiro;Sato, Tsutomu research published 《 Characterization of class IB terpene synthase: The First crystal structure bound with a substrate surrogate》, the research content is summarized as follows. Terpene synthases (TS) are classified into two broad types, Class I and II, based on the chem. strategy for initial carbocation formation and motif sequences of the catalytic site. We have recently identified a new class of enzymes, Class IB, showing the acceptability of long (C20-C35) prenyl-diphosphates as substrates and no amino acid sequence homol. with known TS. Conversion of long prenyl-diphosphates such as heptaprenyl-diphosphate (C35) is unusual and has never been reported for Class I and II enzymes. Therefore, the characterization of Class IB enzymes is crucial to understand the reaction mechanism of the extensive terpene synthesis. Here, we report the crystal structure bound with a substrate surrogate and biochem. anal. of a Class IB TS, using the enzyme from Bacillus alcalophilus (BalTS). The structure anal. revealed that the diphosphate part of the substrate is located around the two characteristic Asp-rich motifs, and the hydrophobic tail is accommodated in a unique hydrophobic long tunnel, where the C35 prenyl-diphosphate, the longest substrate of BalTS, can be accepted. Biochem. analyses of BalTS showed that the enzymic property, such as Mg2+ dependency, is similar to those of Class I enzymes. In addition, a new cyclic terpene was identified from BalTS reaction products. Mutational anal. revealed that five of the six Asp residues in the Asp-rich motifs and two His residues are essential for the formation of the cyclic skeleton. These results provided a clue to consider the application of the unusual large terpene synthesis by Class IB enzymes.
24034-73-9, Geranylgeraniol is a diterpenoid that is hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15 and a hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a volatile oil component and an antileishmanial agent. It is a diterpenoid and a polyprenol.
Geranylgeraniol, a precursor to geranylgeranylpyrophosphate, is an intermediate in the mevalonate pathway. Geranylgeraniol has been shown to prevent bone re-absorption, inhibition of osteoclast formation, and kinase activation in vitro. When working with statins, Geranylgeraniol can reduce the toxicity without inhibiting the cholesterol-producing effects. Geranylgeraniol has been documented to counteract the effects of fluvastatin by inhibiting activation of caspase-1 and production of IL-1. Additionally Geranylgeraniol has been found to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
, Formula: C20H34O
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts