Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Nature Communications called Structural basis for itraconazole-mediated NPC1 inhibition, Author is Long, Tao; Qi, Xiaofeng; Hassan, Abdirahman; Liang, Qiren; De Brabander, Jef K.; Li, Xiaochun, which mentions a compound: 16588-26-4, SMILESS is BrC1=C(C=CC(=C1)[N+](=O)[O-])Cl, Molecular C6H3BrClNO2, Quality Control of 3-Bromo-4-chloronitrobenzene.
Niemann-Pick C1, a lysosomal protein of 13 transmembrane helixes and three lumenal domains, exports low-d.-lipoprotein-derived cholesterol from lysosomes. TMs 3-7 of NPC1 comprise the sterol-sensing domain. Previous studies suggest that mutation of the NPC1-SSD or the addition of the anti-fungal drug itraconazole abolishes NPC1 activity in cells. However, the itraconazole binding site and the mechanism of NPC1-mediated cholesterol transport remain unknown. Here, we report a cryo-EM structure of human NPC1 bound to itraconazole, which reveals how this binding site in the center of NPC1 blocks a putative lumenal tunnel linked to the SSD. Functional assays confirm that blocking this tunnel abolishes NPC1-mediated cholesterol egress. Intriguingly, the palmitate anchor of Hedgehog occupies a similar site in the homologous tunnel of Patched, suggesting a conserved mechanism for sterol transport in this family of proteins and establishing a central function of their SSDs.
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