Month: April 2021

In an article, author is Huang, Lei, once mentioned the application of 4740-78-7, Quality Control of 1,3-Dioxan-5-ol, Name is 1,3-Dioxan-5-ol, molecular formula is C4H8O3, molecular weight is 104.11, MDL number is MFCD00014645, category is alcohols-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category.

Synthesis and Application of Platinum-Based Hollow Nanoframes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Although platinum (Pt)-based catalysts are suffering from high costs and limited reserves, they are still irreplaceable in a short period of time in terms of catalytic performance. Structural optimization, composition regulation and carrier modification are the common strategies to improve the activity and stability of Pt-based catalyst. Strikingly, the morphological evolution of Pt-based electrocatalyst into nanoframes (NFs) have attracted wide attention to reduce the Pt consumption and improve the electrocatalytic activity simultaneously. Contrary to Pt-based solid nanocrystalline materials, Pt-based NFs have many advantages in higher atomic utilization, open space structure and larger specific surface area, which facilitate electron transfer, mass transport and weaken surface adsorption by more unsaturated coordination sites. Here we introduce the detailed preparation strategies of Pt-based NFs with different etching methods (oxidative etching, chemical etching, galvanic replacement and carbon monoxide etching), crystal structure evolution and formation mechanism, efficient applications for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). Based on the high-efficiency atom utilization, open space structure and diverse alloy composition, Pt-based NFs exhibit superior activity, stability and anti-poisoning than commercial counterparts in the application of DAFCs. The current challenges and future development of Pt-based NFs are prospected on the type of NFs materials, synthesis and etching methods, crystal control and catalytic performance. We propose a series of improvement mechanisms of Pt-based NFs, such as small size effect, high-energy facets, Pt-skin construction and Pt-C integration, thereby weakening the molecule absorption, increasing the Pt utilization, strengthening the intrinsic stability, and alleviating the metal dissolution and support corrosion. Additionally, the scale-up synthesis of catalytic materials, membrane electrodes assembly, and development of the start-stop system and the circulation system design are essential for the commercial application of Pt-based NFs and industrial manufacturing of DAFCs. More importantly, the reaction mechanism, active site distribution and dynamic changes in the catalytic material during the catalytic reaction are crucial to further explain the maintenance and evolution of catalytic performance, which will open a window to elucidate the improvement mechanism of the catalyst in the fuel cell reactions. This review work would promote continuous upgradations and understandings on Pt-based NFs in the future development of DAFCs.

If you are interested in 4740-78-7, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Quality Control of 1,3-Dioxan-5-ol.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemistry is the experimental science by definition. We want to make observations to prove hypothesis. For this purpose, we perform experiments in the lab. , Application In Synthesis of 2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-ol, 108-82-7, Name is 2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-ol, molecular formula is C9H20O, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Li, Manhou, introduce the new discover.

Experimental study of temperature profile and gas-liquid heat transfer in flame spread over jet fuel under longitudinal air flow

The rectangular pools with the same length of 100 cm but different widths of 4 and 20 cm are used to conduct experiments of flame spread over jet fuel of RP-3. The direction of longitudinal air flow is same and opposite to direction of flame spread respectively. Six air flow velocities 0.45, 0.88, 1.3, 1.73, 2.15 and 2.57 m/s are employed. The spatial temperature distributions and convective heat dissipation at pool bottom are examined using thermocouples. The heat loss is negligible for 10 mm-thick fuel layer, but it is evident for 3 mm-thick fuel layer. The integral method is proposed to calculate the flame radiation imposed to subsurface flow region. The gas-liquid heat transfer model including liquid-phase convection, flame radiation and convective heat dissipation is established for calculating energy balance involving flame spread over RP-3. The calculated heat fluxes follow well with experimental measurements, regardless of direction and magnitude of air flow. The current findings possess potential application and practical guidelines for fire prevention of liquid fires under longitudinal air flows. In order to restrict flame spread, it is a feasible method to cut off liquid convection or shield flame radiation.

A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 108-82-7. Application In Synthesis of 2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-ol.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 148043-73-6, Name is 4,4,5,5,5-Pentafluoropentan-1-ol, molecular formula is C5H7F5O, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Naghibi, Seyyed Ahmad, introduce the new discover, Quality Control of 4,4,5,5,5-Pentafluoropentan-1-ol.

Multivariate data-based optimization of membrane adsorption process for wastewater treatment: Multi-layer perceptron adaptive neural network versus adaptive neural fuzzy inference system

Application of machine-learning methods to assess the batch adsorption of malachite green (MG) dye on chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/zeolite imidazolate frameworks membrane adsorbents (CPZ) was investigated in this study. Our previous research results proved the suitability of the CPZ membranes for wastewater decoloring. In the current work, the residence time was combined with the other operational variables i.e., pH, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dose (AD), to obtain the possible interactions involved in nonequilibrium adsorption. Two well-known soft-computing approaches, multi-layer perceptron adaptive neural network (MLP-ANN) and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), were selected among different machine learning alternatives and then, comprehensively compared with each other considering reliability and accuracy for a 60 number of runs. The ANFIS structure with nine centers of clusters could predict the adsorption performance better than the ANN approach. Root mean square error (RMSE) and R-square were obtained 0.01822 and 0.9958 for the test data, respectively. The interpretability test resulted a linear trend predicted by the model and disclosed that the maximum value of the removal efficiency (99.5%) could be obtained when the amount of the inputs set to the upper limit. Lastly, the sensitivity analysis uncovered that the residence time has a decisive effect (relevancy factor > 80%) on the removal efficiency. According to the results, ANFIS is an effective and reliable tool to optimize and intensify the membrane adsorption process. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 148043-73-6. Quality Control of 4,4,5,5,5-Pentafluoropentan-1-ol.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 135261-74-4, Name is 1-(Dimethylamino)-3-(2-(3-methoxyphenethyl)phenoxy)propan-2-ol hydrochloride, formurla is C20H28ClNO3. In a document, author is Park, Eunjung, introducing its new discovery. Safety of 1-(Dimethylamino)-3-(2-(3-methoxyphenethyl)phenoxy)propan-2-ol hydrochloride.

Association between environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Aim: We evaluated the associations between blood Cadmium (Cd) concentrations and risk of suspected NAFLD using nationally representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2013, 2016 and 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 12,099 adults for the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) analyses and 2,904 adults for the serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fatty liver index (FLI) analyses, without significant alcohol consumption. Blood Cd concentrations were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Data were analyzed using survey logistic regression models. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) of suspected NAFLD increased significantly per unit of natural log-transformed blood Cd concentration (OR [95% (CI)], for ALT, overall: 1.50 [1.34, 1.68], men: 1.64 [1.40, 2.10] and women: 1.29 [1.08, 1.47]; for GGT, overall: 1.77 [1.33, 2.35], men: 2.28 [1.53, 3.41] and women: 1.27 [0.82, 1.97]; for FLI, overall: 1.84 [1.32, 2.57], men: 1.91 [1.24, 2.94] and women: 1.58 [0.87, 2.86]; for HSI, overall: 1.19 [1.07, 1.32], men: 1.17 [1.01, 1.37] and women: 1.14 [0.99, 1.32]). The blood Cd concentrations associated with risk of suspected NAFLD were lower than those previously reported (for ALT, > 0.64 mg/L, for GGT, > 1.41 mg/L, for FLI, > 0.96 mg/L, and for HSI, > 1.41 mg/L). Conclusions: This study suggests that the reference level of blood Cd should probably be lower than the previously recommended value to prevent adverse health effects due to Cd exposure. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

I hope this article can help some friends in scientific research. I am very proud of our efforts over the past few months and hope to 135261-74-4 help many people in the next few years. Safety of 1-(Dimethylamino)-3-(2-(3-methoxyphenethyl)phenoxy)propan-2-ol hydrochloride.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 821-41-0, Name is 5-Hexen-1-ol, molecular formula is C6H12O, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Tan, K. H., introduce the new discover, SDS of cas: 821-41-0.

Optical and conductivity studies of polyvinyl alcohol-MXene (PVA-MXene) nanocomposite thin films for electronic applications

A new family of 2D materials known as MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) is combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form nanocomposites thin film with a thickness in micrometre range (7.20-7.88 mu m) by using a relatively simple way, a drop-casting technique. The multi-layered structure of the MXenes bound together with PVA results in a high degree of structural disorder due to increasing defects in the nanocomposites. Detailed optical studies include UV-Vis absorption, optical absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, and band gap energy determinations are conducted to investigate electromagnetic wave absorption capability of the nanocomposites. Resistivity measurement is studied as well. Electrical conductivity of the PVA is significantly increased with at least an improvement of 3000 times as compared to pure PVA (1 x 10(-13) Sm-1). The highest a value of 7.25 x 10(-3) Sm-1 is found in the nanocomposites with a mass ratio of PVA to MXenes, 80:20 with its calculated optical absorption coefficient value in range 4000-5000 cm(-1). The optical findings, as well as the electrical conductivity enhancement exhibited by these nanocomposites, explore the route to apply MXenes in polymer-based multifunctional nanocomposites for various applications such as optoelectronics, conductive filler, and electromagnetic absorbers.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 821-41-0. SDS of cas: 821-41-0.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Electric Literature of 7541-49-3, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 7541-49-3, Name is 3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol, SMILES is CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCC/C(C)=C/CO, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Qin, Chenyuan, introduce new discover of the category.

Narrative review on potential role of gut microbiota in certain substance addiction

As a neuropsychiatric disorder, substance addiction represents a major public health issue with high prevalence and mortality in many countries. Recently, gut microbiota has been certified to play a part in substance addiction through various mechanisms. Hence, we mainly focused on three substance including alcohol, cocaine and methamphetamine in this review, and summarized their relationships with gut microbiota, respectively. Besides, we also concluded the possible treatments for substance addiction from the perspective of applying gut microbiota. This review aims to build a bridge between substance addiction and gut microbiota according to existing evidences, so as to excavate the possible bi-directional function of microbiota-gut-brain axis in substance addiction for developing therapeutic strategies in the future.

Electric Literature of 7541-49-3, One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 7541-49-3.

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reactions catalyzed within inorganic and organic materials and at electrochemical interfaces commonly occur at high coverage and in condensed media, causing turnover rates to depend strongly on interfacial structure and composition, 112-27-6, Name is 2,2′-(Ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))diethanol, SMILES is OCCOCCOCCO, in an article , author is Xu, Kevin Y., once mentioned of 112-27-6, Computed Properties of C6H14O4.

Association of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment With Alcohol-Related Acute Events

Importance Persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) and co-occurring alcohol use disorder (AUD) are understudied and undertreated. It is unknown whether the use of medications to treat OUD is associated with reduced risk of alcohol-related morbidity. Objective To determine whether the use of OUD medications is associated with decreased risk for alcohol-related falls, injuries, and poisonings in persons with OUD with and without co-occurring AUD. Design, Setting, and Participants This recurrent-event, case-control, cohort study used prescription claims from IBM MarketScan insurance databases from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2016. The sample included persons aged 12 to 64 years in the US with an OUD diagnosis and taking OUD medication who had at least 1 alcohol-related admission. The unit of observation was person-day. Data analysis was performed from June 26 through September 28, 2020. Exposures Days of active OUD medication prescriptions, with either agonist (ie, buprenorphine or methadone) or antagonist (ie, oral or extended-release naltrexone) treatments compared with days without OUD prescriptions. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was admission for any acute alcohol-related event defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes. Conditional logistic regression was used to compare OUD medication use between days with and without an alcohol-related event. Stratified analyses were conducted between patients with OUD with and without a recent AUD diagnostic code. Results There were 8 424 214 person-days of observation time among 13 335 participants who received OUD medications and experienced an alcohol-related admission (mean [SD] age, 33.1 [13.1] years; 5884 female participants [44.1%]). Agonist treatments (buprenorphine and methadone) were associated with reductions in the odds of any alcohol-related acute event compared with nontreatment days, with a 43% reduction for buprenorphine (odds ratio [OR], 0.57; 95% CI, 0.52-0.61) and a 66% reduction for methadone (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.26-0.45). The antagonist treatment naltrexone was associated with reductions in alcohol-related acute events compared with nonmedication days, with a 37% reduction for extended-release naltrexone (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52-0.76) and a 16% reduction for oral naltrexone (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76-0.93). Naltrexone use was more prevalent among patients with OUD with recent AUD claims than their peers without AUD claims. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that OUD medication is associated with fewer admissions for alcohol-related acute events in patients with OUD with co-occurring AUD.

But sometimes, even after several years of basic chemistry education, it is not easy to form a clear picture on how they govern reactivity! 112-27-6, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Computed Properties of C6H14O4.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 873-76-7, Name is (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol, molecular formula is , belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Li, Houqian, COA of Formula: C7H7ClO.

Conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene over Ag-ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts: The role of surface interfaces

A series of Ag-ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts with different metal-support interfaces were synthesized in an effort to elucidate the roles of specific interfaces in controlling the ethanol to 1,3-butadiene conversion and selectivity. According to the results of detailed characterizations (e.g. CO/pyridine-DRIFTS, XPS, TEM, NH3-TPD, and H-1 MAS NMR), it was found that the Ag-O-Si interfaces significantly enhanced the dehydrogenation of ethanol while the presence of ZrO2 improved the interaction between Ag and ZrO2 /SiO2, creating more Ae active sites. The high dispersion of ZrO2 on SiO2 generated abundant Zr-O-Si interfaces with medium and weak Lewis acidity, promoting the condensation of acetaldehyde to crotonaldehyde. These Zr-O-Si interfaces in close interaction with Ae species played a critical role in the enhanced H transfer during the MPV reduction of crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol. The synergies among the interfaces resulted in retarded ethanol dehydration reactivity, balanced ethanol dehydrogenation and condensation reactions, and a subsequent high 1,3-butadiene yield. (C) 2020 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.

If you are hungry for even more, make sure to check my other article about 873-76-7, COA of Formula: C7H7ClO.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 7541-49-3, Name is 3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol, molecular formula is C20H40O. In an article, author is Adesina, Adeyemi,once mentioned of 7541-49-3, Safety of 3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol.

Performance of engineered cementitious composites incorporating crumb rubber as aggregate

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are a special type of fiber reinforced cementitious composites that are reinforced with Polyvinyl alcohol fibers. ECC exhibits outstanding deformable and durability properties. However, the limited availability and high cost of silica sand required for the production of ECC have limited its widespread applications. Hence, it is imminent to find materials that can be used as alternatives to partially or totally replace the silica sand in ECC. This paper presents the results from a feasibility study on the use of crumb rubber which is a recycled material as aggregates in ECC mixtures. In this study, crumb rubber was incorporated to replace the silica sand up to 100% and the influence on the performance evaluated. The study showed that the incorporation of crumb rubber causes a reduction in the strength of the ECC, though these ECC qualify to be used in the structural application. Also, the ductility and the durability of ECC incorporating crumb rubber was improved with the incorporation of crumb rubber. The mid-span deflection and tensile strain of ECC incorporating only crumb rubber as aggregate were found to be 96.8% and 110.2%, respectively higher than the ECC made with only silica sand as aggregate. Also, the incorporation of crumb rubber as aggregate into the mixtures resulted in a reduction in the permeability properties of the composites. The porosity, water absorption and chloride penetration of ECC were reduced by 33%, 36% and 12%, respectively when crumb rubber was used as a 100% replacement of silica sand. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interested yet? Keep reading other articles of 7541-49-3, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Safety of 3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reference of 6149-41-3, Chemo-enzymatic cascade processes are invaluable due to their ability to rapidly construct high-value products from available feedstock chemicals in a one-pot relay manner. 6149-41-3, Name is Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate, SMILES is O=C(OC)CCO, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Silva, Joshua, introduce new discover of the category.

Dihydromyricetin improves mitochondrial outcomes in the liver of alcohol-fed mice via the AMPK/Sirt-1/PGC-1 alpha signaling axis

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), due to the multifactorial damage associated with alcohol (ethanol) consumption and metabolism, is one of the most prevalent liver diseases in the United States. The liver is the primary site of ethanol metabolism and is subsequently injured due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), acetaldehyde, and metabolic stress. Building evidence suggests that dihydromyricetin (DHM), a bioactive flavonoid isolated from Hovenia dulcis, provides hepatoprotection by enhancing ethanol metabolism in the liver by maintaining hepatocellular bioenergetics, reductions of oxidative stress, and activating lipid oxidation pathways. The present study investigates the utility of DHM on hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis via activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Sirtuin (Sirt)-1/PPARG coactivator 1 (PGC)-1 alpha signaling pathway. We utilized a forced drinking ad libitum study that chronically fed 30% ethanol to male C57BL/61 mice over 8 weeks and induced ALD pathology. We found that chronic ethanol feeding resulted in the suppression of AMPK activation and cytoplasmic Sirt-1 and mitochondrial Sirt-3 expression, effects that were reversed with daily DHM administration (5 mg/kg; intraperitoneally [i.p.]). Chronic ethanol feeding also resulted in hepatic hyperacetylation of PGC-1 alpha, which was improved with DHM administration and its mediated increase of Sirt-1 activity. Furthermore, ethanol-fed mice were found to have increased expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), reduced mitochondrial content as assessed by mitochondrial DNA to nuclear DNA ratios, and significantly lower levels of hepatic ATP. In contrast, DHM administration significantly increased TFAM expression, hepatic ATP concentrations, and induced mitochondrial expression of respiratory complex III and V. In total, this work demonstrates a novel mechanism of DHM that improves hepatic bioenergetics, metabolic signaling, and mitochondrial viability, thus adding to the evidence supporting the use of DHM for treatment of ALD and other metabolic disorders. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Reference of 6149-41-3, One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 6149-41-3.

Reference:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
,Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts